ANALISIS EKONOMI LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PERKOTAAN DI KOTA SEMARANG, JAWA TENGAH: IMPLIKASI BAGI PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN

Abstract

Rapid urbanization in Semarang City, Central Java, has increased solid waste generation and created challenges in sustainable waste management. This study aims to analyze urban waste management using the environmental economics perspective, emphasizing cost-benefit approaches, externalities,  and community  participation.  The  research  method  applies  a qualitative-descriptive approach with literature review and secondary data analysis  from government reports and academic journals. Results indicate that waste in Semarang reaches more than 1,200 tons per day, with only 70% transported to the Jatibarang landfill. Economic losses arise from unmanaged waste, including public health  impacts,  environmental  degradation,  and increased  government  expenditures.  Applying environmental economics, such as the polluter pays principle, economic instruments for waste reduction, and community-based  waste  banks,  can provide  solutions.  The findings  highlight  that strengthening policy integration, enhancing public participation, and adopting circular Ekonomi models are crucial for achieving sustainable development. This study contributes to the discourse on environmental policy and supports the design of local government strategies.